Puritanism
Puritanism was a religious and cultural movement that emerged in the 16th and 17th centuries, primarily in England and later in the American colonies. Puritans were Protestant reformers who sought to "purify" the Church of England from what they considered to be remnants of Catholic ritual and doctrine. They emphasized strict adherence to the Bible, simplicity in worship, and a strong work ethic. Puritan beliefs had a significant influence on the development of American culture, contributing to values like individualism, self-reliance, and the idea of a "City upon a Hill." Puritans played a pivotal role in the early colonization of New England, leaving a lasting impact on American society and literature.